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short History of European union (EU)

The idea of a unified Europe began with Ancient Rome when a few European states were considered the central rulers in Europe. However, it wasn’t until 1920 that this theory started to take form when economist John Maynard proposed the notion of a single labor market. 

Eventually, France and Germany first proposed the concept of a common European trade area five years after World War II. The purpose of creating such a union was to create a peaceful region in Europe that collaborated in economic terms. 

Later in 1957, the Treaty of Rome was signed by six founding members: Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands— creating the common European market. In 1972 Denmark, Ireland, and the United Kingdom joined. Seven years later, the first European Parliament was created.

In 2009, the EU countries signed the Treaty of Lisbon, which increased the powers of the European Parliament. Moreover, the treaty gave the EU more powers on border control, immigration, judicial cooperation in civil and criminal matters, and police cooperation. 

Currently, the EU is the largest trade block globally and the biggest exporter of manufactured goods and services. At the same time, it’s a leading door of humanitarian aid, committed to helping victims of natural and man-made disasters worldwide.

How does the EU work?

The EU functions based on the rule of laws agreed on by all member countries, which together run the four key EU institutions as listed below:

  • The Council of the European Union. Consisting of the Heads of State or Government of EU countries, the Council of the European Union is responsible for setting the policies and the new legislation. 
  • The European Parliament. EU citizens elect the MEPs, who represent their interests to the Parliament in return. Plus, within the Parliament, all the laws proposed by the Council are debated and approved. 
  • The European Commission. The EU Commission represents the EU interests’ and the EU as a whole. In addition, it’s responsible for executing the laws.
  • The Court of Justice. This legal body interprets EU laws to make sure they are applied in the same way in all EU countries. It also settles legal disputes between national governments and EU institutions.

Which Countries Belong to the EU?

The EU countries are:
Austria,

 Belgium,

 Bulgaria,

 Croatia,

 Cyprus,

 Czechia,

 Denmark,

 Estonia,

 Finland,

 France, 

Germany,

 Greece, 

Hungary,

 Ireland,

 Italy,

 Latvia,

 Lithuania,

 Luxembourg,

 Malta, 

Netherlands,

 Poland, 

Portugal,

 Romania, 

Slovakia,

 Slovenia,

 Spain 

 Sweden.

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